Panacetin Lab Write Up

Lab Report Format for Separating the Components of â€Å"Panacetin† (2) and Recrystallization and Melting Point Measurement: Identifying the Components of â€Å"Panacetin† (3). Lab Notebook Title and Date Objective: Explain the purpose of the experiment and how you plan to accomplish it. Technique: Show the use of separatory funnel and evaporation of solvent setup Reaction(s): Include the main reaction for the experiment and isolation scheme Physical Data: List the molecular weight, melting point, boiling point, density, solubility, and hazards of all pertinent chemicals used in the experiment. Data/Observations: Your observations of the experiment, a. Weight of initial panacetin sample. b. Weight of sucrose collected. c. Weight of aspirin collected. d. Weight of unknown compound isolated e. Weight of recrystallized unknown compound f. Melting point range of recrystallized unknown compound. g. TLC sketches with appropriate data for Rf calculations (Clearly label each column of spots on the page so I know what it is) h. Mixed melting point based on information from TLC Final Report ? Title Page. Include: (1) the title of the experiment, (2) your name, (3) the due date, and (4) the date submitted ? Purpose of the Experiment. ? Background/Setup: ( 1 page) ? Discuss extraction theory and explain the general operation of the equipment ? Explain the theory behind isolation scheme ? Explain the purpose of recrystillization ? Procedure: reference the procedure (i. e. text or handout) and any changes that deviated from the original reference ? Data and Results: o Physical description for substance(s) isolated o Weight of initial panacetin sample. o o o o o o o o o Weight of sucrose collected. Weight of aspirin collected. Weight of unknown compound isolated Weight of recrystallized unknown compound Melting point range of recrystallized unknown compound. Mixed melting point based on information from TLC TLC Cross reference with lab notebook Rf values from TLC (including the solvent used) Percent recovery of sucrose, aspirin and your unknown ? Calculations: Show sample calculations of the percent recoveries of sucrose, aspirin and your unknown and Rf calculations. ? Discussion. What was the identity of your unknown? Explain in detail how you determined it, comparing the data you obtained with known values. Explain any discrepancies. (1 page) ? Conclusion: brief statement with final conclusion (restating the goal of the lab and summarizing important data showing that the goal was or was not achieved) ? Excercises: Lab 2 questions 1,3,5 Lab 3:1 and 2 Additional Question: Where in the separation procedure could you lose one or more of the Panacetin components? Explain which component could be lost in which step. Ignore trace amounts left in containers, or blatant spills.

Business Communication Report Hnc

Wordcount (Excluding appendices): 1516 {draw:frame} Jan Cervenka HC-BUS-F Group B 2009 – 2010 Table of Contents Introduction This report was commissioned by Doctors Campbell and Stewart and compiled by Jan Cervenka of Total Administrative and Organisational Solutions (TAOS). It was compiled in order to examine the organisational issues and problems of Cairnwell Health Centre. The organisation risks losing additional funding for the next five years if the problems are not solved. The main issues are low staff morale; high levels of stress-related absenteeism and a lack of appropriate IT. This report aims to examine these issues in detail and make recommendations for change. The organisation is Cairnwell Health Centre, which is located in the middle of the Hamewith housing estate in Fraserhead. It is headed up in partnership by doctors Campbell and Stewart. They employ a number of staff: a Practice Manager, two receptionists, two typists, an archivist and nursing staff. The capacity of the Centre is about 1000 patients. The report was to be submitted by 5 October 2009. Methods of Investigation Questionnaires were distributed to patients on 5th September Results were collected on 10th September. Staff questionnaires were distributed on 5th September 2009. Results were collected on 10th September 2009. Observation of the surgery was held on 11th September. Costing for new IT system was researched with Hewlett & Packard on 15th September 2009. Doctors Stewart and Campbell were interviewed on 20th September Findings Patient Questionnaires (Appendix 1) Of the one thousand copies of Patient Questionnaires, which were distributed among patients, there were eight hundred and seventy six replies. The outcome was debatable, as you can see in PATIENT QUESTIONNAIRE OUTCOME (Appendix 2). Staff questionnaire (Appendix 3) Ten copies of the Staff Questionnaire out of fifteen copies were handed back to staff. The outcome of the Staff Questionnaire was more definite (Appendix 4). All members of staff felt uncomfortable within their occupation. All of them thought that the approach of the Practice Manager and leading doctors was not satisfactory. Members of nursing staff stated that they felt they are forced to work overtime very often. The typists and receptionists also pointed out that IT equipment is out of date. Their complaints were mainly addressed to the stability of hardware and to theage of software applications. Sometimes, they were unexpectedly unable to type in or find out personal data of patients, this causes long delays. Staff also think that that IT equipment does not let them work as well as they can. The majority of staff members would also welcome more training, because they sometimes can not deal with problems they face every day. They do not know, for example, how to deal with rude or elderly patients properly. Observation The main issues, which were extracted from both Patient and Staff Questionnaires, were affirmed by the observation of the surgery. The observation was held in the reception area, waiting area and staff area. It was noticed, that queues at the reception were undesirably long. Approximate waiting time was between 15-20 minutes. The receptionists were unpleasant and frustrated. It was found that this was caused by the computer, which stopped working suddenly. One of the receptionists tried to calm down waiting customers, but not successfully. The Practice Manager started shouting at the receptionist instead of helping her. They often did not answer telephone calls. Research into IT solutions It was found that the IT systems of the surgery were out of date and thus, very slow and unstable. Sometimes, it was impossible to type in personal information of the patients, because memory storage of the computers was full. In some cases, it was also impossible to find out personal data of patients due to system failures. Problems with IT equipment lead to increasing stress levels of staff. During an appointment with an advisor of Hewlett & Packard, costing of IT equipment refurbishment was discussed. Interview with Doctors (Appendix 5) Both Doctors are ready to undertake appropriate changes in order to improve patient services rapidly. Conclusion It was found that the problems that the Surgery faces are serious and need to be solved as soon as possible. All members of staff do not feel comfortable within their occupation. They are not satisfied with the managerial staff of the Surgery. They are also not satisfied with the IT equipment. This leads to one of the biggest issues of the Centre – IT equipment. Both hardware are software are outdated. Problems with the IT is a major influence on stress-related absenteeisem. It was found that the doctors realise that the service provided to patients is not the best. They are ready to undertake appropriate changes to improve levels of provided service. Doctors Stewart and Campbell should consider the following recommendations in order to improve the efficiency of the Surgery. Recommendations To improve levels of the service provided to patients TAOS recommends following solutions. Staff meetings Meetings between the managerial staff, the leading doctors and the lower staff should be carried out regularly and communication between all members of staff should be improved. Occasionally, staff reports should be compiled. Relationships between members of staff Teambuilding Appropriate building courses should help to improve responsibility and behaviour at work of every member of staff. Refreshment facilities improvement IT systems improvement Training of Staff All members of staff should be trained in order to learn how to deal with patients and possible problems properly. Fosters Seminars and Communications Company (http://www. fosterseminars. com) can provide training courses for healthcare staff. For further information see Appendix 9. Appendices Appendix 1 PATIENT QUESTIONNAIRE Dear patients, _We would like to take this opportunity to ask you to fill in this short survey. Our company, Total Administrative and Organisational Solutions, is compiling a report about the surgery that you attend. Then, we can make reccomendations to improve the service provided to you. _ _Thank you for your help. _ _(Instructions: Choose an answer that you feel is right by ticking it)_ The attitude of nursing staff is: Poor Satisfactory Good Excellent The waiting times at reception are: Satisfactory Unacceptable The attitude of receptionist towards patients is: Poor Satisfactory Good Excellent The cleanliness of premises of the Centre is: Unacceptable Satisfactory Good Excellent Is there anything else that you think we should know about? Appendx 2 PATIENT QUESTIONNAIRE OUTCOME _Of the one thousand copies, eight hundred and seventy six replies were received. _ The attitude of nursing staff is: {draw:frame} The waiting times at reception are: {draw:frame} The attitude of receptionist towards patients is: {draw:frame} The cleanliness of premises of the Centre is: {draw:frame} In the comment section, patients wrote further feelings about surgery, which were not covered in prior questions. The majority of the patients are not satisfied with the approach of the receptionist. Many of patients also pointed out, that the equipment of the surgery is very good. They are satisfied with magazines, which are up to date. Appendix 3 STAFF QUESTIONNAIRE _Thank you for your help. _ _(Instructions: Choose an answer that you feel is right by ticking it)_ How do you feel about your job? Very satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Very dissatisfied How do you feel about the managerial staff? Very satisfied Satisfied Dissatisfied Very dissatisfied How do feel about your working hours? Satisfied Dissatisfied Very dissatisfied. Would you welcome more training? Yes, I would No, I would not Appendix 4 STAFF QUESTIONNAIRE OUTCOME _Out of 15 copies of the questionnaire, 10 replies were received. _ How do you feel within your occupation? {draw:frame} How do you feel about the managerial staff? {draw:frame} How do feel about your working hours? {draw:frame} Would you welcome more training? {draw:frame} In the comment section, staff members wrote down further feelings about their occupation. All of them pointed out the very poor IT equipment. This is discussed in the Findings section. INTERVIEW WITH DOCTORS STEWART AND CAMPBELL Summary of the interview Examples of questions *How do you feel about the service* which is provided to patients? Dr. Stewart I realis_e, that the service is not the best and I know, that we must improve it as soon as possible. Otherwise, we can lose funding for upcoming years. It would by mandatory for us. _ Dr. Campbell _I agree wit Dr. Stewart. I would like to tell you that we are trying to improve it, but we have not been successful so far. That is the reason why we hired TAOS – to help us. _ What do you think about high levels of stress-related absenteeism? Dr. Stewart I think, that the problem is caused by everyone. Not only by us and management. Still, I think, that the staff should work harder. Dr. Campbell _I realise, that the Practice Manager is often too demanding. Sometimes, he shouts at the staff without any reason. I think, that he should attend a training course. _ Appendix 6 Overview of the company Team building events for corporate clients†¦ We also provide central London Team Building activities, for example our London Treasure hunt which can be undertaken on foot and public transport, and our River Thames Rib Experience is a real show stopper. Appendix 7 To get more information about the RefresU Company, it is needed to make an appointment with a manager of this company. It is needed to fill in a contact form on their website. Contact adress: RefreshU Unit 18A Lenham Storage Ham Lane, Lenham, Maidstone, Kent ME17 2LH Phone number: 1234567891 Appendix 8 _ {draw:frame} _ Health solutions  » AMBER on HP systems  » Contracts management  » Electronic Health Records Hospital information systems  » Medical archiving solution  » Medical image management and PACS  » Printing & Imaging Appendix 9 _~WE CARE~ A Guide to Patient Sensitivity _SM Dealing with the Challenging Patient_ SM_ _Documentation in the Clinic SM_ Work is Not Just a Daycare Program for Adults_ SM_ Dealing with Employee Management and Workplace Issue s_ SM_ Mediating Disputes in the Workplace_ SM_ Reducing Conflict & Improving Communication_ SM_ Violence in the Workplace_ SM_ _Legal Issues and the Nurse Manager SM_ Avoiding the Malpractice Blues_ SM_ Get Fired Up, Not Burned Out_ SM_ {draw:frame}

The Importance of Voting in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Importance of Voting in America - Essay Example If a person votes he is making sure that he wants the government to know which candidate is best according to him or her. In a huge country like United States with a large population a single person's voice can only be heard with the help of voting. Voting enables a people to raise his or her voice or opinion on pending laws, ordinances, and it also enables them to decide who takes charge of the state offices. The second reason is a general reason but is a very big fact. It's the right of every citizen to vote as all the laws, rules and regulation that would be implemented later by the elected party would directly influence the person. It also makes sure that citizens select the people who will be the leaders of their country.Voting makes it impossible for someone or one party to become a monopoly and stay in the office for more than the legal time. Being a citizen of any country and utilizing the resources of that country it's a persons divine right to vote. The third reason for voting is related to the shaping of a persons life according to his vote. It's a universal fact that every person should live the way he or she wants; the only best way to achieve this is by voting.

SUMMARY Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

SUMMARY - Article Example In the developed world, older siblings are mandated to take care of their younger siblings in circumstances where the parents have gone to work and other rare situations when the parents are away. On the other hand in less developed countries it is an obligation for the older sibling take care of the younger siblings in all situations which include meeting some of their financial needs, mentorship, seeing them transit from one level to another. The nature of sibling relationship is influenced by factors such as age, sex, order of birth, number of siblings and treatment by parents. Researchers have shown that birth order has a lot to do with how siblings relate with each other. Being a firstborn is attached to a lot of expectations and responsibilities as opposed to other order of births. Firstborn have a lot of duties to fulfil as well as several points to prove not only to their parents but to the entire society. Birth order therefore has a strong influence on the personality and behavior of an individual throughout their entire lives. However other factors that influence character and behavior such as heredity, competency, and peer influence among others should also be considered in equal measure when analyzing behavior among

If the marijuana be legalized in all the United States,what the Essay

If the marijuana be legalized in all the United States,what the benefit influence of that to the economy - Essay Example But recent survey and evidence provide effective information about the positive influence of marijuana towards the medical and economic structure of a country. It has been proved scientifically that, the use of marijuana can create positive impact on America as it is less toxic than that of other drugs such as aspirin, tobacco and alcohol. The legalization of marijuana would create potential rise of the economic growth of United States and also can help to lower the rate of crime. For over thousands of years, people are finding way to get relief for the vast struggle of life for enjoying simple pleasure in human life. Marijuana provides relief from stress and struggle that people has to face from day-today life. This essay will discuss about the legalization of marijuana in United States can help to boost its economic growth. In United States, the use of marijuana and medical marijuana has a lengthy history. Cocaine and opium were regarded as the daily used drugs between the years 1900 to 1945. But as the years passed by, strict laws have been implemented on the use of marijuana which is also known as cannabis. United States government made marijuana as illegal despite its huge importance on the medical sector. Recent states revealed that more the 5 billion dollars has been spend on marijuana by the American in every year. This amount of money spend is equivalent to the 1% of the GDP. The amount of money spend on marijuana goes to the mafias and drug dealers. The large proportions of distribution of marijuana are hold by illegal drug dealers rather than contributing to the economy of country. The medicinal value of marijuana can be neglected as it helps patients to get rid of choric illnesses and reduce tension is stressful life. Many scientists and researcher predicts that legalization of marijuana woul d eventually benefit the future of Unites States. Several marijuana laws are enforced which results in to the spending of 1 billion dollar by each state of

Summarize Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summarize - Essay Example Zaltman’s Theory and the Development of Zaltman Elicitation Technique (ZMET): â€Å"People give us only what we give them the opportunity to provide.† (Zaltman). Because of his marketing experience and interdisciplinary background, Zaltman was able to apply the idea that people respond with what is below the surface of language, thinking in pictures and memories when deciding what it is they want. He used his study in Nepal to support his theory, saying â€Å"Everything we see hides something else we want to see.† (Zaltman). With that in mind, he moved from the University of Pittsburgh in 1991, to Harvard Business School, where funding was provided for him to set up his ZMET site and staff it appropriately. ZMET â€Å"combines neurobiology, psychoanalysis, linguistics and art theory† (Pink, 1998) to bring out what people really feel about a product. Once this is established, then sellers have an additional, creative marketing tool. The example of the Nestl e Crunch Bar is a good illustration. The chocolate showed up as a metaphor for ‘time’, as the images provided related to the simple, easy-going days of childhood. The product brought back happy memories; this was the metaphor the ZMET process turned up. The same test discovered women’s feelings about wearing panty hose, that dogs were a metaphor for safety and security and that executives identified ‘customer-focused’ as â€Å"having integrity, caring about customers in an authentic way, being a company worthy of trust.† (Pink, 1998). Application: Zaltman’s projects are treated as individual tests, which have consistently delivered â€Å"metaphor-based insights† (Zaltman) He believed that the technique is not going to solve every problem for every company but that it does provide a creative addition to other market research processes. He pointed out that in the final analysis, it is up to managers to

The WWW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The WWW - Essay Example rt documents that are specially formatted using a mark-up language that is referred to as HyperText Mark-up Language (HTML).This language supports links to other documents and graphics, video files and audio. By using the www, one can move from a document to the next by clicking on hotspots. A hotspot is an area of graphics object that helps in the activation of a function when clicked or selected. It is common in multimedia applications. It is important to understand that not all internet servers are classified as part of the www (In Bruck & In Rao, 2013). The internet is an information system of interlinked hypertext documents that are accessed via the internet, acting like a layer on top of the internet to make it more usable. It is a collection of web servers that host websites that in turn host text documents, pictures, videos and audios, linked by hyperlinks and URLs, usually accessed by web browsers from web servers. The World Wide Web (also WWW) is often assumed to be the same thing as the internet, a case that is untrue. The internet refers to a worldwide scheme of interconnected computer networks. The internet’s relationship with the World Wide Web is that the WWW is transferred using these networks, thus acting like a layer on top of the internet. When one connects their computer to the internet via an Internet Service Provider (ISP), they form a section of the ISP’s network that is linked to other networks that form part of the internet. The internet links several billion gadgets across the world, including computers and mobile phones and tablets. It is a giant network- within which there are other private, public, academic, business and government networks that are connected through a range of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies. Web-surfing aside, the internet can also be used to share files (for example music and video files), computer programs, Usernet newsgroups, messages (Internet Relay Chats) as well as email messages

Sophists and Socrates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Sophists and Socrates - Essay Example Protagoras' law - the person is a measure of all things - better than anything characterizes the changes in people's interests. New issues have been first of all appeared in the minds of persons, which acted mainly in Athens as teachers of all sciences and arts, which are required for active participation in public life, in the minds of sophists. The last are already not independent thinkers separated from each other, trying to understand the world and its development. They represent a new estate, which being engaged in training to eloquence and using logic arguments as arts, naturally in this business was supervised not with a pure aspiration to get the truth, but aspiration to shine and win in verbal dispute. Characteristic for this philosophy, dictated to sophists by conditions surrounding them and their position in life, are empiric-skeptical (with respect to questions of theoretical value) and utilitarian-egoistical (with respect to questions of practical actions) points of view . The content and volume of our knowledge are entirely defined by our own sensual perceptions. Such perceptions, being subjectively changeable, cannot make valid knowledge at all. Also our activity is always defined by minute needs. Therefore truth is what seems true to an individual; everything is good that serves a person's benefit. Against this doctrine of sophists acts Socrates. Being engaged in training not as a favorable employment favorable, but similarly to thinkers of previous time, investigating questions on sense and value of things from pure aspiration to knowledge and collecting around him pupils by means of excitation a free interest to these questions, he first of all has entered struggle against the egoistic-utilitarian tendency of sophists, as completely harmful. But certainly Socrates also was a person of his time. A person for him, as well as for sophists, a measure of things, and at discussion of separate questions of practical life, he also recognizes natural motives following from individual interests. But for his world outlook are characteristic not these private interests, but organic laws, which he considers significant for all human acts, and owing to which the specified concrete reasons of utility get other meaning. The contrast between Socrates and sophists lays not in the fact that So crates does not consider utility as a motive for acts: human will by its nature already is directed to some purpose, and this purpose, as well to Socrates opinion, not concerning whether it is useful to others, in any case, it is useful to the acting person, as this person aspires to its realization.One of the basic distinctions of Socrates from sophists consists in the fact that as a criterion at an estimation of people's acts for Socrates serves the question, by what motives is defined the decision made by an individual answering the question what is useful and that is harmful. Under the theory of sophists these motives, as well as human knowledge, are subjectively changeable; their scale is a individual desire and consequently in the general, is just a time egoistical benefit. As opposed to it, Socrates proclaims, that there is some objective knowledge, and

Evaluation of learning as well as teaching Essay

Evaluation of learning as well as teaching - Essay Example There are various ways through which student’s learning can be assessed, but the best way of assessing student learning is one that promotes learning. In this comparison essay, two assessment tools including the formative assessment and summative assessment tools will be assessed on the basis of definition, purpose, procedure and tools that are used while teachers use any of the two assessment criteria. Formative assessment tools are much effective as compared to the summative assessment tools as the formative ones encourage learning and development of students. Body Definition Formative assessment tools used in educational settings are those that promote learning with the assistance of generation of feedback that is of ample amount of advantage to both teachers as well as students (Marzano 9). The feedback obtained from this tool is used for making alterations to the learning procedure of students. This definition of formative assessment tools clearly exhibit that these tools are used to help make changes to the learning procedure of students in order to advance their learning activities. Student evaluation that is summative in nature is defined as conducting assessment of student learning for a particular time frame. This assessment tool is used to summarize the development of a student that has taken place in a particular frame of time period (Marzano 8). The definition of summative evaluation reflects that it does not help in advancing learning and is rather used to assess how well learning has already taken place and according to this evaluation student’s development is rated. Purpose The main aim of formative assessment tools is to advance student learning by providing feedback regarding their learning practices. When teachers use formative assessment tools they do not rate or rank how well a student has learned what is being taught. They rather analyze the methods that are used by students to learn and then provide feedback that is used by the student to make alterations to his/her learning techniques. The very fact that student’s responses in formative assessment are not marked is evidence that this tool focuses on the quality of learning, rather than the quantity of learning that has taken place. On the other end, the fundamental aim of summative learning is to rate the quantity of learning that has taken place. In summative assessment, the responses provided by students are rated and ranked by teachers which are sheer proof of the fact that this assessment focus on how much student has learned. Procedure There is ample amount of difference in which both these assessments are conducted. In case of formative assessment, first the assessment is conducted while learning is taking place, and teachers provide feedback during the process of learning, this feedback is then used during the process of learning by the student to make alteration to his/her method of learning or is used by the teacher to make changes to his/her method of teaching. This procedure of conducting formative assessment clearly reflects that the procedure is helping students learn as feedback provided within the learning process can help in making changes to the process. In case of summative learning, tests are taken to assess the quantity of learning that has taken place over a time frame. Since these tests are taken after the learning has taken place, it is quite evident that students fail to make changes to their learning process. Tools Tools used for the purpose of formative assessment are mostly those through which teachers are able to provide on the spot assessment and reflection on the learning of a particular student. For example: questions asked during classroom lectures can be

Famous Creative Thinkers Essay Example for Free

Famous Creative Thinkers Essay Column A: Steve Wozniak (computer engineer, Apple) (University of Phoenix, 2012) Steve Wozniak was born in San Jose, California in 1950 the son of an engineer. Wozniak developed a love for electronics in his early years. His grades never showed his intelligence, he was just good at building electronics from scratch. While attending the University of California at Berkeley he worked for Hewlett-Packard, and then he met Steve Jobs. Wozniak and Jobs together started Apple in 1976. Wozniak quit his job with Hewlett-Packard to work on the Apple project full time. Wozniak worked on the computer while Jobs did the marketing. Wozniak built from scratch the Apple I and Apple II computers; by 1983 Apple stock was around $985 million. Due to personal reasons he ended his position with Apple in 1987. The reason behind the resignation was an injury in 1981. While piloting his private plane crashed near Santa Cruz City Park. The crash created several injuries including amnesia. Even though his injuries were vast he was responsible for the first programmable remote control. He has written several books on technology, assisted in establishing the Electronic Frontier Foundation in 1990. He also was the founder of WoZ, â€Å"Wheels of Zeus† to attempt wireless GPS technology. Wozniak works as a chief scientist for the Fusion Company since 2008. Column B Grace Hopper (computer scientist (University of Phoenix, 2012) Grace Hopper was born in New York City in 1908. She studied math and physics at Vassar College. She received a master’s degree in math from Yale in 1930. After marriage she continued her education at Yale receiving a PHD in math in 1934. She is the first women to achieve this degree from Yale. In 1943 Hopper joined the Navy Reserve. Due to her mathematical degree she was assigned to the Bureau of Ordnance Communication Project at Harvard. Harvard is where she learned the programming of the Mach I computer. Hopper also worked on the Mach II and Mach III. Hopper helped to make the term â€Å"computer  bug† popular when a moth shorted out the Mach II. In 1949 she began working with Remington Rand after a short time with Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation. While working at Remington Rand she was over the programming of the UNIVAC. In 1952 COBOL was born, a brain child of the Hopper team. COBOL is a program to where one computer can talk to another. Even though Hopper did not invent it she pushed it to be used by all computer companies. COBOL stands for â€Å"Common Business Oriented Language.† Hopper returned to the Navy for 19 years to assist in programming and standardizing communication with other computer languages. Hopper retired as a rear admiral in 1986 at the age of 79. She was the oldest serving officer in the Navy. After retiring from the Navy she became bored and coming back to the computer industry. In 1991 she received the National Medal of Technology. Hopper was the first women to receive such honor. The Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in a Computing Conference is a technical conference to bring women together to learn programming. Hopper also encourages young people to learn the technique of programming.

Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting Convergence and Implication

Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting Convergence and Implication Reza Tadayoni*, Knud Erik Skouby Center for Tele-Information, Technical University of Denmark, Building 371, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark Abstract This paper is a contribution to the development of analyses of the process of converging media and to the  clarification of the regulatory implications of this process. It is generally agreed that the process of  convergence between telecommunications, IT and broadcasting through its technological, organisational,  and market/service aspects has far-reaching inßuence on the sectors involved and on future socio-economic  settings. The paper explores the preparation for introduction of terrestrial digital television in Denmark as an  aspect in the general process of convergence. The explorative analysis establishes an understanding of the  technological issues and drivers in the development, which in interaction shape a digital distribution  structure that is a concrete part of convergence. Based on this understanding, a model à  the OSA-model à  is  suggested for the techno-economic structure of distribution of terrestrial digital TV. The model is used to  dis cuss market prospects and regulatory implications, as these are derived from the interplay of traditional  areas of regulation in the three sectors and areas emerging as candidates for regulatory activity based on their  functionality. The discussion of the process of introduction of terrestrial digital TV in Denmark thus provides  a general analysis of convergence and its regulatory implications. ( 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights  reserved. Keywords: Terrestrial digital broadcasting; Convergence; DAB; DVB 1. Introduction During the past few decades the communication landscape has been subject to radical changes. Traditionally, communication has been divided in three sectors à  telecommunication, broadcasting  and information technology (IT) à  which cover di ¤erent communication applications. The sectoral  0308-5961/99/$ à  see front matter ( 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 3 0 8 5 9 6 1 ( 9 8 ) 0 0 0 8 6 X 1 This work is a result of participating in two Danish research projects: Service development, Internationalisation and Competences (SIC) project. Distributed Multi Media (DMM) project. 2DAB and DVB is used for digital audio broadcasting and digital video broadcasting, respectively, without reference  to the speciÞc European technologies/protocols-agreements using DAB and DVB as brand names.   Division has been based not only on di ¤erent technologies being used in the di ¤erent sectors but it  has also evolved in close interplay between political-regulatory interventions, economic considerations  and technological characteristics. Understanding the di ¤erent aspects of regulation in the information age requires a solid  understanding of the development in the communication landscape as well as of the ongoing  process of convergence between the traditionally separate forms of communication and of the  Ãƒâ€information fusionÕ. Technological speciÞcity has not been determining for sectoral division and is  not determining for the convergence process but it has been a vital factor in this process. Technological innovations like digitalisation, audio and video coding technologies, computerisation  and broadband infrastructures à  such as cable and satellite networks à  make service  provision across the sectoral boundaries possible. This also imposes new political and regulatory  challenges and makes re-thinking and re-designs of the existing regulatory framework for communication  a necessity. This paper1 discusses digital broadcasting as an instance in the convergence process where this is  seen as a process with technological, economic/structural and regulatory aspects. Within digital  broadcasting a focused area namely the terrestrial digital broadcasting in Denmark will be studied  in details. Broadcasting is quickly moving into the era of digitalisation as digital audio broadcasting  (DAB)2 and digital video broadcasting (DVB) to replace traditional analogue broadcasting  technologies. Full digitalisation of the whole production chain, from recording and editing over  transmission media to receivers in the end usersÕ homes, will be a reality in 10 to 15 years. This is  a challenging and extensive change that will face broadcasters, politicians and regulators in the  coming years. The main political and economic focus is generally on DVB and the transition has  already started in some European countries, most notably the UK and Sweden. For users, DAB/DVB will o ¤er many advantages over analogue broadcasting, such as better  technical quality, more programs and services on a given set of frequencies, and the option of  multimedia and interactive services. This development is an expression of converging media:  DAB/DVB will integrate elements from several di ¤erent media, computers, telecommunications  and broadcasting. The shift to digital broadcasting is not simple, however, as it introduces a range  of interrelated political, economic and technical challenges. Some of these challenges are speciÞc to  the mode of distribution à  satellite, cable or terrestrial with the latter having special problems and  potentials. As the basic technologies are now ready, solutions to two sets of regulatory issues are pertinent  for the development and di ¤usion of terrestrial DVB. One set of issues is related to the concept of  Public Service Broadcasters. In almost all countries, cultural policy considerations have given  rise to privileges and obligations for a few broadcasters.

An Analysisi of Guy de Maupassants the Necklace Essay -- essays rese

Guy de Maupassant's "The Necklace" During the course of Guy de Maupassant's short story "The Necklace," the main character, Matilda Loisel, makes a number of ironic discoveries. In addition, there are other discoveries that the reader makes but Matilda does not. The discovery that forms the story's climax concerns the true nature of the necklace she has borrowed from her friend Mrs. Forestier. But this is perhaps not the most important lesson of this story. As the story opens, Matilda, a young middle-class wife who aspires to join the upper ranks of society, is finally invited to a high-society affair given by her husband's employer. Hoping to impress her guests and thus "fit in", she borrows a beautiful diamond necklace from her friend Madame Forestier. Unfortunately, during the course of the evening, the necklace is lost. Rather than confront her friend directly with the story of her carelessness, she and her husband scrape together every bit of money they can. As de Maupassant explains, "[Mr.] Loisel possessed eighteen thousand franks which his father had left him. He borrowed the rest. He borrowed it, asking for a thousand francs of one, five hundred of another, five louis of this one, and three louis of that one. He gave notes, made ruinous promises, took money of usurers and the whole race of lenders. He compromised his whole existence, in fact, risked his signature without even knowing whether he could make it good or not, and, ha...

Multimedia :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Multimedia, or mixed-media, systems offer presentations that integrate effects existing in a variety of formats, including text, graphics, animation, audio, and video. Such presentations first became commercially available in very primitive form in the early 1980s, as a result of advances that have been made in digital compression technology-- particularly the difficult area of image compression. Multimedia online services are obtainable through telephone/computer or television links, multimedia hardware and software exist for personal computers, networks, the internet, interactive kiosks and multimedia presentations are available on CD-ROMs and various other mediums. The use of multimedia in our society has it benefits and it’s drawbacks, most defiantly. Some of the more computer-related uses of multimedia, such as electronic publishing, the internet, and computers in education will be discussed in depth thought this paper.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Electronic publishing is the publishing of material in a computer-accessible medium, such as on a CD-ROM or on the Internet. In a broader sense of the term it could also include paper products published with the aid of a desktop publishing program, or any form of printing that involves the use of a computer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Reference works became available in the mid-1980s both in CD-ROM format and online. Increasingly, in the 1990s, magazines, journals, books, and newspapers have become available in an electronic format, and some are appearing in that format only. Companies that publish technical manuals to accompany their other products have also been turning to electronic publishing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Electronic books have been recently introduced to the world as a whole. This new concept is the use of internet or otherwise computer technology to electronically convert books to a digital, readable format viewed on a television set or computer screen. This would most likely be done by scanning in individual pages in a book, arrange them in orderly fashion, and have users be able to cycle back and forth between the photo-identical pages. This method would be very quick, and very easy to accomplish- that is- scanning pages as opposed to re-typing millions of words is preferred. This brings us to another method in electronic book production- the interactive method. In digital format, the book’s pages can only be viewed, just like a book. If a reader would want to take notes from a book, he/she would have to write down the notes by hand, or would be forced to photo-copy the page(s). If the book was typed out entirely as would be done by an electronic word processor such as Microsoft Word, users would greatly benefit. The ability for the computer to recognize the words on the screen as actual words as opposed to mere

Three Forms of Irony in Shakespeares Macbeth Essay -- GCSE English Li

   Macbeth, is a story of a man who's ambitions have brought him to commit treason and murder. Visions of power grew within his head until his thirst for power causes him to lose that very source of his ambition to the blade of Macduff's sword. It is the ironic and symbolic elements such as this in the play which contribute to much of the acceptance the work has enjoyed for centuries. Three forms of irony may be found in the play, Macbeth: Dramatic irony, being the difference between what the audience knows and what a character knows to be true; Verbal Irony, being a difference between what is said and what is meant; and Situational Irony, a difference between what happens and what is expected to happen. I will attempt to show examples of each of these forms of irony and explain their relevance to the characters and the plot.   There are many examples of dramatic irony in the play which we might discuss. A major example is where Lennox asks Macbeth whether the king is to leave Macbeth's castle for home, Lennox: "Goes the king hence today?" Macbeth: "He does: he did appoint so." (II,iii,54-54) Obviously Macbeth is lying through his teeth, for the audience was fully aware that he planned to murder King Duncan that night. But if one takes Macbeth's reply literally, Duncan did "plan" to leave the castle the next day; there is no lie to be found in that. One can look back on the porter's hidden truths at the beginning of the scene, Porter: "Knock, knock! Who's there, i' the other devil's name! Faith, here's an equivocator, that could swear in both the scales against either scale; who committed treason enough for God's sake, yet could not equivocate to heaven: O! come in, equivocator." (II,iii,7-11) .. ....   Criticism on Shakespeare s Tragedies . A Course  Ã‚  Ã‚   of Lectures on Dramatic Art and Literature. London: AMS Press, Inc., 1965.  Ã‚   Shakespeare, William.   Tragedy of Macbeth . Ed. Barbara Mowat and Paul  Ã‚   Warstine. New York: Washington Press, 1992.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Steevens, George. Shakespeare, The Critical Heritage. Vol. 6. London:  Ã‚   Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1981.  Ã‚   T.W. Shakespeare, the Critical Heritage. Vol. 5. London: Routledge & Kegan  Ã‚   Paul, 1979.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Wills, Gary. Witches & Jesuits. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.     Epstein, Norrie, The Friendly Shakepeare, New York, Viking Publishing, 1993. Harbage, Alfred, Macbeth, Middlesex England, Penguin Publishing, 1956. Magill, Masterplots- Volume 6, New Jersey, Salem Press, 1949. Staunten, Howard, The Complet Illustrated Shakespeare, New York, Park Lane Publishing, 1979.

Home-Style Cookies

HOME-STYLE COOKIES CASE ANALYSIS 1 Submitted by: George Ramselle P. Deposoy Georgia Hur Jinseog Noreen Rose A. Duran Garry A. Gallo Nina Jessa Marie Ladera Jan Rhett S. Simbulan Daisy Mae O. Tambolero December 13, 2012 COMPANY BACKGROUND The Lew-Mark Baking Company—Archway Cookie’s largest franchise is located in western New York State which produces fifty varieties of high-quality soft cookies with no preservatives added. The soft cookies mostly appeal to customers over 45 years old and to parents who have young children. The company has less than 200 employees, mostly blue-collar workers.The production process begins as soon as orders from distributors arrive. Furthermore, the ingredients needed for each type of cookie entered into a computer which determines the amount of each ingredient needed, according to the quantity of cookies ordered, and relays that information to storage silos located outside the plant where the main ingredients are stored. The ingredients ar e then mixed and later on, the batter is cut into individual cookies. The company has also increased the length of each oven by 25 feet resulting in an increase of production rate.The finished cookies are placed into boxes while deformed cookies are removed. This is done manually by workers. The boxes are then wrapped, sealed and label automatically. Most cookies are loaded immediately unto trucks and shipped to distributors. Some are stored in the warehouse but are shipped shortly after because of limited shelf life. CENTRAL PROBLEM The decision whether to adopt new production processes and alter some of the old ones and its effects to the entire production process as well as the product itself. OBJECTIVES To find the most favorable course of action that will benefit the entire company in the long-run * To exploit potential improvements and use it to their advantage * To improve the quality of the product SWOT ANALYSIS Strength * The product is very marketable especially to the hea lth conscious segment of the society like the elders, and parents for children since it has no added preservatives—something which gives them an edge to other competitors. * Efficient in their production Weakness * The product has a short shelf-life. * Use of broken cookies as oatmeal cookies may distort the product itself Opportunities Automation of production processes * Less delivery lead time if they employ nearer suppliers—subject to the permission of the mother company * Product expansion—still subject to the permission of the mother company Threats * The company might lag behind other companies in terms of technology and productivity since they manually do the production processes. * Growth will be stagnant if they refuse to expand their product line ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTIONS Automate the packaging process Advantage/s: * Saves money, more efficient, and time-savingDisadvantages/s: * 30 workers in the production team will be rendered jobless. * Broken cookies might be included also in the packaging process since there is no one to take them off considering the shift from manual to automated. Use additives/preservatives in the ingredients to make cookies Advantage/s: * This will allow a longer shelf life to the cookies. * The company will be able to extend its current location points. Disadvantages/s: * The customers perception might change in terms of ‘quality’, knowing that the company is branded of producing ‘good food’.Sell broken cookies Advantage/s: * This will ensure that all the products produced are fresh. If all broken cookies are used to make oatmeal cookies—that is, including filled cookies—it will distort the product itself Disadvantage/s: * Waste disposal costs would increase. Use suppliers located closer to the plant Advantages/s: * This will lessen delivery lead time and transportation costs They can also test if the products of the supplier can meet the same quality of thei r original suppliers’ products Disadvantage/s: Product quality may suffer. RECOMMENDATION The first, third and fourth ACA is recommended. Since the company is highly concerned of the quality of the product, they should use fresh ingredients and not just scraps from the other ones made. With regards to the waste disposal costs, they can just sell the broken pieces as animal food to zoos or other animal sanctuaries. The fourth one is also recommended since it will allow the company to save on some expenses.If they are dubious about the quality, they may have a cookie taste test using the local products and compare it to their cookies which were made using their original suppliers’ products—that is of course subject to the approval of their franchisor. CONCLUSION Judging from the background given, the company is doing exceedingly well in the production of their products. They are highly efficient and effective as well. Their products are very marketable, inventory control is good, and their regard for quality is highly commendable. Conclusively, the over-all performance of the company is well and they are in control of the business.

Poverty and Domestic Violence

The topics chosen from the given scenario are domestic violence, poverty and feminism. Women's Aid (2009) defines domestic violence as physical, sexual, psychological, or financial. This takes place within an intimate or family type relationship. All forms of domestic violence come from the abuser's desire for power and control. The perpetrator is most commonly male but can be female. For the purpose of the assignment I will use the terminology domestic violence rather than domestic abuse because although the latter is the preferred term a lot of the texts still refer to this as violence. One in four women will be a victim of domestic violence in their lifetime; many of these on a number of occasions. One incident of domestic violence is reported to the police every minute and on average two women are killed by a current or former partner every week (Women's Aid, 2009). These statistics speak volumes as to the enormous problem we as social workers face. This assignment will briefly discuss interventions employed to ease poverty in history. Social policy and laws pertaining to domestic violence will be highlighted. Feminism will be used to mention the origins and dynamics of domestic violence. The Ecological Theory and its relevance to social work practice will be demonstrated. Personal reflection will be given and finally a conclusion will draw together the aforementioned topics. History and political development Domestic abuse can be resultant of social structural factors such as bad housing, unemployment and poverty. One can not plot the history of domestic abuse because historically it was seen as a private family matter rather than a societal issue but it is possible to look at a potential causal issue: poverty. An act which was designed to alleviate poverty was the English Poor Laws introduced in 1601 this dictated that the poor and disabled were taken care of by the working able bodied and the local parishes. The work houses accommodated thousands of poor people who had no choice but to enter these foreboding establishments if they could not find work. Prior to this the poor were cared for by charity (Marshall, 2002). Enlightenment arose in the eighteenth century as a result of the French addressing their problem of poverty, this was more a way of thinking than a movement but this spread across Europe. This belief was that the government should reward efforts of those working and should not make those poorer when they are willing to work by failing to provide employment. (McStay Adams, 1991). Less known for helping the poor is the contribution of religious women, one such example being the Sisters of Mercy who for many years during the 1800's provided direct aid to the poor. The Sisters of Mercy helped establish social welfare systems and according to Luquet (2005) contributed to what became social work. In 1942 the Beveridge Report highlighted what was referred to as the ‘five giants'. These were idleness, squalor, want, disease and ignorance. As a result of this a programme of employment was introduced, new houses were built, benefit schemes were initiated, free healthcare was available to everyone and free secondary education was provided by the state (Aslangul et al, 2000). Thatcherism is the term referred to during the period between 1979 and 1991 when Margaret Thatcher was Prime Minister. During her time in office she was concerned with controlling Britain's money supply, known as monetarism. She began privatising public companies and introduced the controversial poll tax. When New Labour was elected they merely retreated further from a commitment to welfare. Basically, they moved away from their traditional roots (McAuley, 2003). Social policy and law Social work has witnessed unprecedented changes as a result of the ever changing social policies and new laws which in turn have forced social work to adapt at an alarming rate. Humphrey cited in Davies (2008) in reference to domestic violence wrote; significant barriers are apparent when working in this area but the increase in awareness has resulted in the development of legislation, policy and practice. The Women's Movement in Britain during the 1960's and 1970's was influenced by radical feminism from USA. The ideology of this was to campaign for equal pay, job opportunities, education, reproductive freedom, childcare, financial and legal independence and end violence against women (Dobash and Dobash, 1992). The acknowledgment of violence in families was over 150 years ago when The Act for Prevention and Punishment of Aggravated Assaults on Women and Children 1853 and the Offences Against the Person Act 1861 (McKie, 2005). The first legal recognition in recent history was given to domestic abuse and the women's need to escape from violence in their homes with the introduction of The Domestic Violence Act 1976 (Pascall, 1997). Interagency collaboration is essential when working in the area of domestic violence. Working Together provides comprehensive and detailed guidance for professionals (Department for Education and Skills, 2006). To protect the victim of domestic violence the Protection from Harassment Act 1997 is in place which can be used to protect someone from behaviour which causes psychological injury. The Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004 extend this power (Brayne and Carr, 2008). The Adoption and Children Act 2002 was amended to include the definition of harm, which now states ‘impairment suffered from seeing or hearing the ill treatment of another'. Those vulnerable because of domestic violence or the threat of violence are given priority for housing according to the Homeless Act 2002 (Alcock, 2008). Chung et al (2001) reported that the government suggested to gp's to consider routinely screening women for domestic violence to try and increase rates of identification. However, it is only recently that this concept has been implemented in midwifery but has yet to become commonplace in general practice. This is disappointing because more women are seen by gp's. Also, women may see their doctor about something which may appear unrelated but as Humphreys and Thiara (2003) explain depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and self harm are so prevalent amongst abused women these are referred to as ‘symptoms of abuse' which could be picked up and acted upon by gp's. Feminism Dutton (2007) wrote that psychiatry in the early twentieth century had determined that women remain in abusive relationships because the punishment fills an unconscious need in them. Fortunately, this viewpoint was seen as victim blaming by feminists. Feminists all share the same basic philosophy of wanting fairness and equality. There are however several feminist theories such as radical feminism. It was feminists who first highlighted domestic violence and other taboo issues which were previously beyond public scrutiny because it was thought these belonged to the private sphere of the family (Hester and Pearson cited in Trevithick 2005). Research shows there is a link between domestic violence and child abuse. Women with learning disabilities have been found to be vulnerable as are physically disabled women (Humphries cited in Davies, 2008). A very powerful statement by Stacey and Price cited in Pascall (1997) wrote domestic violence is a way men assert power over women. Foucalt (1979) disputes this suggestion because he says power is not used against another and power is not seen as a property or possession. Karl Marx highlighted women's inequalities and their oppression within society but capitalism was mentioned as being the main reason for this (McAuley, 2003). According to Harris (2005) feminists criticise the media especially the film industry for the film industry for their explicit portrayal of sex and glorifying male violence against women. Similarly, reported allegations of rape are increasing while convictions in the UK decline (McKie, 2005). This knowledge does not instil much confidence in women and in my opinion damages the feminist principles that have taken so long to construct. It must be recognised that only a small number of men are interested in pro-feminist theories and ideas. Ecological theory, social work practice and reflection. The ecological theory in sociology has a direct connection to human interactions. It explores the relationship of the physical environment and human culture (Macionis and Plummer, 2005). Using this theory it attempts to link violence in the family to the broader social environment. As a social worker one must recognise women who are being subjected to domestic violence and need a network of support. These include cultural, formal, informal social family networks, the closer family setting and circumstances and family history. It is important to know the policies and laws pertaining to domestic violence. Also, it is beneficial to have knowledge of safe houses, counselling services and practical support. My personal opinion about domestic violence has not changed over the years. Although, I have recently recognised and accept the relationship between low self esteem and domestic violence. I had a fortunate upbringing and my father always instilled in me the importance of having self respect first and foremost when meeting people. I did have a friend who was subjected to domestic violence but she did not confide in me until her boyfriend had left her for another woman, which I told her was a blessing for her. The thought of someone being violent towards another human being makes me feel sick and I can not comprehend what motivates anyone to abuse another person. Conclusion This assignment has explored domestic violence, poverty, history and politics in relation to poverty. Policies and laws were mentioned which protect those subjected to domestic violence. Feminism was discussed, the ecological theory was briefly applied to domestic violence and an explanation was given to its relevance to social work. Finally, I reflected on my own thoughts and feelings in relation to domestic violence. Having completed this assignment and read widely on the subject of domestic violence I feel this is an emotive area which requires much empathy and support. I believe the most important qualities when working with this issue is to be the victims advocate and empower them on their terms.

Holy Moly Essay

Socrates is simply asking questions to get a straight answer from Euthyphro, which he is unable to do. When asked,â€Å"what is piety? † Euthyphro answers â€Å"Doing as I do†. He thinks he is doing the pious thing by bringing his father up on charges of impiety. In his words, he is saying prosecutinganyone guilty of murder, no matter who they are . Socrates, basically is not entertained by this response, because it is not an answer. When asked again â€Å"what is Piety? † Euthryphro responds with, â€Å" What is dear to the Gods is pious and what is not dear to them is impious†. Socrates asks† â€Å"Is the pious loved by the gods because it is pious? Or is it pious because it is loved by the gods? Euthyphro is contradicting himself. That which is dear to the gods is dear to the gods because it is first loved of them, not because it is dear to them. But the pious or holy is loved by the gods because it is pious or holy. Which is the same as saying that it is loved by them because it is dear to them. Hisexplanation is going in circles. When asked again, Euthyphroresponds, â€Å"Piety is knowing how to please the Gods in word and deed, by prayers and sacrifice†Socrates responds by saying that it is a way of doing business between the gods andmen. You ask the gods what you can do and they tell you what they want you to do. Euthyphro has failed to show what pious is. I believe Socrates goal in the dialogue was to change his mind about prosecuting his father and to determine whether Euthypro’s definition of piety or impiety was sufficient enough toprosecute his own father for murderandto clear himself of his indictment. The features of the dialogue that led me to believe this was when Socrates asked, â€Å"Are you able to show your fatherguilty of murder orthat all the gods are agreed in approving of our prosecution of him. Then says to Euthyphro† If you had not certainly known the nature of piety and impiety, I am confident, you would not have charged your father with the murder† Euthyphro, then hurries away , I am thinking to save his father from being tried for murder. If Socrates knew the nature of piety and impiety he may have been able to clear himself ofMeletus and his indictment.

Indian Apparel Market Research Report

Indian Apparel Market Research Report By MD. FAISAL BBA (Studying) Major in International Business University of Dhaka Bangladesh E-mail: faisal. [email  protected] om The Indian apparel industry has a vast existence in the economic life of the country. It plays a critical role in the economic development of the country with its contribution to industrial output, export earnings of the country and the generation of employment. The Indian apparel industry has seen remarkable changes in the past few years and it is also one of the India's largest foreign exchange earners. Embroidery being the traditional art form of the country has contributed hugely for apparel industry. Indian embroidery market stands out as being extraordinary in the international markets. The Indian Market The Indian consumer is evolving and driving retail growth in India and companies in the fashion industry are reacting to this evolution through myriad options. The fashion market in India is witnessing strong growth owing to a young population, an increase in disposable incomes, which is leading to increase in consumption and thus the rapid growth in organized retail. Private consumption growth contributes to more than half of the GDP growth and is growing in double digit figures. Several businesses are reacting to this evolution positively, both through pull and push phenomenon. Apparel today has the largest share of the modern organised retail in India i. e. 20% of the current market of Rs. 56,000 crore and this is expected to grow at a constant rate of 20% over the next 4 years. Bilateral Co-operation in this sector shows great synergies. An Indo Italia Task Force on Fashion Design and life Style products has been created following an agreement between the Indian Ministry of Commerce and Italian Ministry of International Trade. On the Indian side members include FICCI – Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry , NID – National Institure of Design while on the Italian side there is Confindustria, Altagamma, Universita’ Bocconi, ICE. With India being the second fastest growing major economy in the world, fashion industry is pushing itself to keep pace with the retail evolution witnessed in India. Facts and Figures The global textiles and apparel trade estimated at US$ 450 billion and expected to touch US$ 700 billion by 2010 with demand for textiles and apparels expected to grow to 25 per cent from current figures where Asia will contribute 85 per cent. Clothing, textile and fashion accessories form 39 per cent of the Rs 55,000 crore organized retailing in India. The Italian designer Giorgio Armani's company has signed a joint venture with India's most valuable real estate firm, DLF. Giorgio Armani Holding, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Italian company, will take 51 percent in the venture, the maximum allowed for a single-brand foreign retailer in India. Armani will bring 10 million rupees ($250,000) to the venture, which would also act as a wholesaling firm supplying Armani-branded products to other independent retailers. The first Armani stores would be set up in New Delhi. Reliance Brands, a subsidiary of Reliance Retail, has entered into a 49:51 joint venture with Italian fashion house, Sixty Group, to retail its brands in India. DLF has tied up with Armani ,Dolce & Gabbana Raymond, the Gautam Singhania owned ‘house of complete men,’ has joined hands, in a Rs. 50 crore, 50:50 joint venture, with the Italian fashion major Grotto Spa bringing in premium â€Å"GAS† brand apparel in India. Other Italian Brands in India are Gruppo Cadini, Gucci, Ermenegildo Zegna, Corneliani,Canali, Brioni, and Pal Zileri India’s asset base for this sector – Numerous qualified and semi-qualified manpower which is skilled and low on cost of Long drawn tradition of having produced high quality textiles for decades. Apparel Market Consumer spending on apparel in India has grown over the last five years, touching the global benchmark of 5 per cent of the total income During the three years 2004-05 to 2006-07, investments in the textile sector has increased from US$ 2. 94 billion to US$ 7. 85 billion. In 2007, men's apparel industry was mainly dominated by shirts (in value terms) accounting for 36. 5% of total men's segment. India's textiles and apparels industry is estimated to be worth US$49 billion where 39 per cent is accounted by the exports market. Currently India has a 3. -4 per cent share in world export of textiles and 3 per cent in clothing exports. Europe continues to be India's major export market with 22 per cent share in textiles and 43 per cent in apparel; the US is the single largest buyer of Indian textiles and apparel with 19 per cent and 32. 6 per cent share respectively. Readymade garments (RMG) are the largest export segment, accounting for 45 per cent of total textile exports and 8. 2 per cent of India's total exports. Future The demand for ready-made garments in rural India will surge at an annual rate of 16. 50% to reach Rs. 42,918 Crore or US$10. 1 billion by 2010. Men's apparel industry will increase at a CAGR of 14. 86% during the two-year period from 2008 to 2010. Women apparel market (in value terms) is anticipated to grow at an annual averaged growth rate of 17. 79% till 2010. The organized apparel retailing in India is projected to surge at an annual averaged growth rate of 30% from 2008 to reach Rs. 52,289 Crore in 2010. Increasing at a CAGR of 24%, branded apparel industry for men will cross Rs. 25,000 Crore by 2010. n Increasing at an annual averaged growth rate of 25%, branded apparel industry for women is expected to hit Rs. 8,351 Crore by 2010. Readymade garments exports from India are expected to touch US$ 14. 5 billion by 2009-10 with a cumulative annual growth of 18 to 20 per cent, according to Apparel Export Promotion Council. Versace pret-e-porte is another Italian fashion house at the lower end of the fashion pyramid that is in the final stages of tying up with Reliance Brands to bring its products to India. Gas eyes US$49. 82m sales by 2011. The company will invest Rs500m till 2010 on its retail expansion, marketing and brand building in India. Gas may do local production outsourcing for sub-Rs1,000 range. Shoppers' Stop is planning to enter the luxury retail segment with large format retail stores which will house products from many of well-known luxury brands, including Louis Vuitton, Gucci, Zegna, Hugo Boss, YSL, Mont Blanc and Christian Dior. The company plans to invest Rs. 100 crore in this model in the first year itself. The organized lingerie retail market in India is expected to touch Rs 4,000 Crore mark by 2009. IT revenue from the retail segment is forecasted to grow at an annual averaged growth rate of 43. 41% by 2010. The Indian fashion industry is expected to rise at a stupendous pace of 22. 7% through 2012. Government Initiatives 100 per cent FDI allowed through the automatic route. Currently, 100 per cent foreign direct investment is allowed in wholesale trade, but only 51 per cent in single brand outlets. De-reservation of readymade garments, hosiery and knitwear from the SSI sector. Technology Mission on Cotton has been launched to make available quality raw material a t competitive prices. Technology Up gradation Fund Scheme (TUFS) has been launched to facilitate the modernisation and up gradation of the textiles industry. Scheme for Integrated Textile Park (SITP) has been started to provide world class infrastructure facilities for setting up their textile units through the Public Private Partnership model. The Apparel International Mart, in Gurgaon, will provide world class facility to apparel exporters to showcase their products and to serve as a one-stop-shop for reputed international buyers. The Indian Textile Plaza is being built, in Ahmedabad, to encourage exports to overseas markets. 50 textile parks are being established to enhance manufacturing capacity and ncrease the industry's cost competitiveness. The Government plans to set up a technology mission on technical textiles with an aim to attract investment into the sector. The Government has increased the plan allocation for textiles by 66. 27 per cent in 2007-08 over that of 2006-07, making it one of the only two ministries that have seen such a high level of increase in budgetary support. The Indian consumer desires to possess internationa l luxury brands as an inspirational product. Additionally, no Indian retail brand actually qualifies to be categorised as a luxury brand. This readiness for luxury as an organised market, has been recognised throughout the world and international luxury brands are exploring possible avenues and tie-ups to enter the Indian retail market. Indian apparel companies have realised the huge potential of partnering with these global luxury brands wishing to enter India. This helps them not only to extend their portfolio into the luxury, super premium, premium segments, but also makes them probable sourcing partners for these brands in India as well as internationally. Vice versa, luxury brands gain access to well established distribution channels and customer base.

Is it morally right thing to do is always the thing which will produce Essay

Is it morally right thing to do is always the thing which will produce the greatest happiness for the greatest memebers Kant vs. Mill - Essay Example The ideology of metaphysics was a major avenue of study followed by Immanuel Kant. Metaphysics is the philosophical study of a person’s know how and being. (Kant, 98). It is evident that Kant’s idea of morality relies on the occurrence of metaphysics as an individual science. â€Å"The law effected by the uniformed forces should be absolutely necessary so as to have moral implications.† In fact, scholars have identified this statement as a basic maxim of Kant’s philosophical ideas. According to Kant (2008), there should a group of truths referred to as necessary truths, for there to be morality. These truths define a person’s incentive to fulfill his/her duties and enhance psychological growth through the act of seeking moral worth. Moral worth in turn has its consequences based on happiness in action or satisfaction of the greatest number. Consequently, people decide to take various actions in accordance with duty; thus making it a moral choice. The will to perform duty or take action is classified as good or bad. Kant notes that if action is based on bad will, then all the externalities point towards immoral intent. To understand the aspect of satisfaction of the greatest number, we need to ask ourselves; what are the necessary truths? Kant states â€Å"he should not act otherwise so that his maxim can become universally accepted.† (698) In interpretation, people owe their obedience to their social duty. In obedience to duty there exists the basis for morality and if anyone tries to make an immoral idea wholly accepted, there will be contradiction. For example if one decides to kill anyone who offends him, then everyone will do the same leading to extinction of the human race. While quoting Kant’s work, Gert (2007) argues that it is necessary to avoid double-standards between the actions we take and those that we

The challenges facing the deployment and use of IT for the development Literature review

The challenges facing the deployment and use of IT for the development of public sector in Saudi Arabia - Literature review Example Majority of the people have expressed disbelief in the Saudi Arabia’s capability to transform the government towards accountability and transparency; the e-government could offer a solution in the country that is faced with deep rooted bureaucracy (Al-Jboori, Gharaibeh and Sahraoui 2006, p6). There are a number of challenges that the government of Saudi Arabia face in the deployment and implementation of IT in the public sector and they include; (a) government transformation and reform, (b) e-Citizen participation, (c) citizen access, security and privacy, (d) management of the e-government program, (e) evaluation, transparency, accountability, (f) soft and cultural barriers, and (g) the interoperability of the e-government platforms (Al-Jboori, Gharaibeh and Sahraoui 2006, p11). The rationale for the project is to identify the major obstacles or challenges that face the government of Saudi Arabia in the deployment and use of IT in the development of the public sector. Saudi A rabia is among the developing nations and the risks that are associated with the deployment of IT differ from those in the developed nations; these risks are associated with organizational and cultural factors (International Resources Management Association 2002, p36). Aim To analyze the level of IT development in Saudi Arabia To establish the level to which IT is applied in the public sector in Saudi Arabia To identify the main challenges in the deployment and the use of IT in the development of the public sector. To come up with tangible methods that can be used to alleviate these challenges. Tasks Research data is usually categorized as secondary and primary data. Primary data is developed by the researcher through the use of the data gathering techniques and secondary data is usually generated by others and it includes case materials, manual database, computer database, government departments, public organizations, and data-sets. There are a number of approaches that are used to collect data. The nature of the variables and the research questions determine the choice of the strategy for the collection of data (DeMatteo, Festinger and Marczyk 2010, n.p.). Preliminary preparations and obtaining Permissions Preliminary analysis of the public sector will be done; the preliminary analysis will be in the form of a pilot study. The analysis will entail finding suitable places (the places presumed to offer the required information) and in this case is the public sector. The number of respondents for this research is 50 people and they will be chosen randomly from the different sections of the public sector. These people have to be directly involved with issues concerning IT. Since the public sector is diverse, there are some institutions that restrict the collection of research data. A written consent or permission will have to be obtained from these institutions in the public sector. Data Collection For this research, both the primary and secondary will provide u seful information regarding the public sector in Saudi Arabia. The primary data will be collected from the researcher and the secondary data will be collected from the publications made by the government departments and in particular the department that is responsible for IT. Another important primary and

Market Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Market Research - Essay Example The paper has been linked to the various literatures that have been provided in the past and this provides a basis for the entire paper. Various aspects like the scaling methods, the data collection methods, and also the data analysis methods have also been discussed herewith in. Conducting a quantitative research is very beneficial as it allows the researcher to gain a better view of its customers and enables the company to improve its services based on these feedbacks that are gained. The market research attempts to find answer to the following questions: a) What is the relative importance of various factors that customer expect from their hotel stay? b) What is the level of customer satisfaction towards their hotel stay in the chosen hotels? Based on the literature analysis of similar studies in the past, the researcher has identified some of the factors that seem to be important as expectations from the customer. Hence the information that is required at this stage of the research is the customer’s views on the following elements of the business: For the company to be able to attain this information there are a few methods that the hotels can adopt. The methodology used to conduct the research is referred to as the ‘research methodology’. There are a number of different approaches that are available for research methods. The research approaches used in the study comprises a mixture of both the â€Å"phenomenological paradigm† which is also referred to as a â€Å"qualitative† approach, and the â€Å"positivistic paradigm† also known as the â€Å"quantitative† approach (Collis & Hussey, 2003, p. 47). With the positivistic paradigm, the emphasis is on using measurement to find out the relationships between facts and causes of the phenomenon. This is â€Å"an essential element of the research process under this paradigm† (Collis & Hussey, 2003, p. 57). This

Characters analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Characters analysis - Essay Example r to each individual character: Antigone is clearly an agent of the gods and aligned with them for following their portents, while Creon is a person who wantonly rejects both of these important principles. The truth of the matter, is, however, a bit more subtle. A careful examination of the Thebian plays shows that Antigone and Creon are in fact equally concerned with the will of the gods on a theoretical front; Antigone, however, has no more concerns than this theory, while Creon must manage pragmatic issues with running a city. The first-glance analysis of these two characters and their priorities seems to indicate that Antigone and Creon are the antithesis of each other in the realm of honor and duty. Despite the fact that god’s will certainly seems to be that Eteocles should be buried despite his role on the losing side of the Theban civil war (Sophocles 34), Creon stays adamant in his displeasure with the dead man, and insists that he not be buried with any rights. Antigone bravely goes ahead with attempts at burial, showing that she respects the honor of the dead more than Creon does. Antigone is good – Creon is not. This, however, represents a somewhat simplistic analysis of the text. Antigone certainly is willing to do the ‘right thing’ her interests align with those of the gods, and she is willing to follow them through. She also uses the word â€Å"honor† frequently, along with many calls to the importance of family, all things that Creon should value (Sophocles 23). Antigone is clearly in the right in many ways, and is a brave woman for being able to stand up for what is right. Creon, however, does not disagree with Antigone on the theoretical principles, such as respecting family and honoring the gods. He clearly puts a great deal of effort into educating his son, and cares deeply for his son’s wellbeing. He even spends a great deal of time exhorting his son to behave as the gods would have him, and to generally be a godly

Ciminal law 1 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Ciminal law 1 - Case Study Example Murder is unlawful homicide committed with 'malice aforethought' with the penalty of mandatory life imprisonment. 'Malice aforethought' describes the mens rea for a conviction of murder. Here it is necessary to consider that Drew had no 'malice aforethought' to killing Sam, who delivers the parcel, which consists of a letter bomb. Sam and a pedestrian was the victim of the bomb explosion. In Draft Criminal Code (Law Com. No. 177), the Law Commission recommended a change in the law. Clause 54 provides that a person is guilty of murder if he causes death of another intending to cause death or intending to cause serious personal harm and being aware that he may cause death. Colin was, in fact, an off-duty police officer. He was driving his family to Dover for they were going on holiday. Colin got back into his car and continued driving. The principle is that 'one must take one's victim as one finds them'. In Dytham6, D, a police constable, was on duty in uniform near a club when a man was ejected from the club and kicked to death by a 'bouncer'. D took no steps to intervene and when the incident was over he drove off having told a by stander that he was going of duty. D was charged with the common law offence of misconduct whilst acting as an offence of justice, in that he had wilfully and without reasonable excuse or justification neglected to perform his duty to preserve the Queen's Peace and to protect the person of the deceased or arrest his assailants or otherwise bring them to justice. The CA upholds his conviction. However, D was convicted not for his positive act. Place reliance on a passage in Stephen's Digest of Criminal Law, which stated: 'Every public officer commits a misdemeanour who wilfully neglects to perform any duty which he is bound either by common law or by statute to perform provided that the discharge of such a duty is not attended with grater danger than a man of ordinary firmness and activity may be expected to encounter.' English law, unlike many other systems, does not impose on people a general duty to take positive action to assist people in difficulties or to avert harm, even if they are physically well capable of doing so. However, there is a very wide area of uncertainty. If there is a moral obligation to assist people in difficulty or danger, Lord Nicholls of Birkenhead and Lord Hoffmann in Stovin v Wise7, discuss why there is no legal obligation. In The Ogopogo 8the defendant had invited the claimant as a guest on his yacht. He accidentally fell overboard. D was not a mere bystander and was held to have a duty to reasonable care to save the claimant. In Goldman v Hargrave 9 may not have to show the care of a reasonable person, but only have to do what he is capable of, given his health and resources D was liable for his negative act. This is not difficult to apply when the D has undertaken an on going responsibility, in the course of which the omission occurs [Henderson v Merrett Syndicates10] and Home Office v Dorset Yacht Co11. To identify there liability it is necessary to consider few relevant case. R v Yaqoob 12 considered a partner in a taxi firm who was responsible for making all necessary arrangements for the inspection and maintenance of a minibus

POLITICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

POLITICS - Essay Example (2003) political ideas and ideologies can act as a kind of social cement, which in turn could provide social groups with a set of unifying beliefs and values. In this regard one could consider that governments are set up to help provide a relatively unified set of codes by witch to govern a society. In the American context one could present the argument that the ‘First Continental Congress’ which was a meeting of twelve of the thirteen original colonies which banded together to present grievances to the British Monarchy was the original congress. However it was the second continental congress which met again in 1776 which declared the colonies free, effectively beginning the American Revolution and in turn was the entirety of the United States government. According to English (2003) it is the case that the original congress held such responsibilities as directing the war, commerce, the enforcement of laws, however they were not free to collect taxes and held the key distinction of allowing the independent colonies (States) the ability to remain sovereign and as such they would effectively be free to ignore any legislation passed by congress. As one would naturally assume, this system was rife with flaws. In this regard a kind of compromise was made in which a house of representatives was established in which officials would be elected directly by the people based on the population of the states and the senate would provide a type of equal representation by the state regardless of population. Now it is the case according to Davidson et al. (2006) that the United States congress has a number of direct powers identified in the United States Constitution however there are a number of implied powers which owe their nature to the Necessary and Proper clause. In general the congress handles affairs pertaining to the setting and collection of taxes, defense, the paying of debts, regulation of commerce, the establishment of courts (lower than the Supreme Court). It

Leadership, Innovation & Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leadership, Innovation & Change - Essay Example This was used by his father, a dental practitioner to communicate with his receptionist while the family also used it for communicating at home. Seeing his interest in computers, his parents hired David Newman to work once a week with Mark Zuckenberg but Newman found it hard to stay ahead of the prodigy. Mark Zuckenberg later studied at Phillips Exeter Academy where he excelled in literature, showed talent in fencing and also earned a diploma in classics. However, all through, he remained fascinated by computers. While still in school, he created the music software Pandora, which he named Synapse. After graduating from Exeter, Mark Zuckenberg joined Harvard University where he developed several software programs for fellow students such as CourseMatch (students could choose their classes) and Facemash (helped compare pictures of two students). The birth of Facebook has its origin in the social networking site Harvard Connection for which he was invited to work on by three fellow students (Biography, 2012). Mark Zuckenberg did work for a while but soon dropped it to start his own networking site along with two friends. This site allowed others to create profiles, upload photos and communicate with others. The group ran the Facebook out of their dorm at Harvard until June 2004. After the sophomore year, Mark Zuckenberg left Harvard to devote full time to Facebook and by the year end Facebook had 1 million users. In August 2005, the site was officially called the Facebook and the domain name was purchased for a reported $200,000 (Yadav, 2006). In 2005 Mark Zuckenberg received an investment of $12.7 million from Accel Partners which gave the platform a big boost. By December 2005 the site has 5.5 million users as Mark Zuckenberg granted access to other colleges, high schools and international students. Mark Zuckenberg received offers from Yahoo! And MTV Networks to buy his company, which he declined. Mark

Statue of Liberty Essay Example for Free

Statue of Liberty Essay I have always dreamt of a better life. Since the early childhood when my dad and I had been going to the city market to sell some fruit and to buy some rice for the money earned. I do not remember us eating meat, may some bones that contained thin skin. Meat was too expensive to afford. I was the only male child in the family so I had to work and bring some money into the family. My older sister was given to her husband’s family after she got married. We didn’t see her often. My mother didn’t love her much. Yet, my dad did a lot. So, every time he saw me, it seemed that he wanted to see her instead. And he became mad. I often felt his powerful feasts on my neck. But he was my parent, he gave me a birth and I respected him†¦ That was a sad-sad childhood. The thoughts of the past make me suffer much. Yet, it is those hardships that made me go on, to seek another better life, to seek this life overseas†¦. O, sweet America, sweet dream. I have always see it my dreams. I remember once waking up from the excitement that filled my soul and my heart when I saw the statue of Liberty. My dad was somehow educated a little. So, when me and my sister lived with us, he used to tell us about the country of dream – the US. He wanted very much my sister to be educated. He told that education was a way up. That’s what I remembered for the rest of my life. And I wanted my life to go up. That’s why I decided to go to the US†¦. The girls in China were not in respect. My family was considered misfortuned, since there were two of us, girls, in the family. My mom told me that my dad used to beat her after my sister was born. He dreamt of a son. It was understandable, since girls had to go after they got married. Thus, parents would have to be left by themselves, without any support. A boy in Chinese family meant a hope for a good old age. When the boy was born into a Chinese family, the latter was considered blessed. My family was considered misfortuned†¦ Yet, later on my dad got to love my older sister a lot. He tried to make her strong as a boy, despite old Chinese traditions of femininity and obedience. Thus, you can imagine how much my dad waited for a son when my mom got pregnant for a second time. And gain†¦failure. He was really mad. There was no hope he could love me sooner or later. That is how I became a real outcast in my family. My parents respected Confucian ideology a lot. Confucius professed that we, the children, had to respect and obey our parents. And we did. I do not remember any time I said something against my dad, even despite all that he made me do. I had to learn to earn money since my early childhood. I had to work as a boy. And I did†¦ However, despite harsh strict regime of traditional Chinese family, my dad was an educated person. He never stopped staying that Chinese civilization has very old roots and we had to be proud of that. And we, certainly, were. He told that it was Chinese who invented paper and many other useful things that the humanity used. His stories were exciting. And they were probably the only rare times when our family gathered together peacefully. Despite the fact that my dad was somewhat educated, we were a family of farmers. We grew rice and fruit and then sold them. We were never rich. We were like many other Chinese families. My dad always told that Chinese is the great nation. However, I couldn’t ever understand why such a great nation made girls, the ones who gave birth and contributed to the development of Chinese generation, suffer so much. I still cannot forget how my sister used to hide from my parents in order not to show them her great pain – she couldn’t really walk for some time. But my mom convinced that Chinese girls had to have very-very small feet. That was a sign of femininity. â€Å"Otherwise†, she used to say, » you will never get married†. But we really didn’t think about our future at that time. The only thing I personally thought of was how to ease that horrible pain†¦ But time passed and we grew. I have submitted with my fate that made me suffer both from my dad and from our old traditions. But I never complained. I knew that Chinese were a great nation. That is why everything that had to be done, even if it made me feel pain, was actually for my sake. I am very thankful my dad that he brought me up being strict and not always tolerant. He taught me to achieve everything myself. He taught me that I had to fight for myself and I did. Now I remember that horrible pain from my past and I think I can survive everything. Now I can walk easily and this is the real happiness. Moreover, I am happy because I am now in the country of my dreams – in the US. I am happy because my daughter will not have to suffer as I did. I am happy because millions of Chinese girls will be relieved from the humbleness and great pain that made them inferior to men, that made them die being alive. It is all over know. I still respect Confucius, but I am in another country now. I will learn the great wisdom of this ancient Chinese philosopher from the walls of American University. Oh, those Americans. They are so different. But that is so interesting to penetrate in the whole new culture that is so much not like yours. I was so surprised to know that here men and women are considered to be equal. That is such a great feeling. Yes, I will study Confucius from here and I will perceive all he said from the new perspective. I have so much ahead. I have so much to learn. This will be an exciting time I will never forget. We didn’t have centralized schools for a long time in China. Education was domestic. My parents couldn’t afford that. I did lack communication. But it’s over now. My daughter will not suffer. She would be happier than I was. But, I swear, she will not forget our Chinese culture, she will still respect Confucius’ teachings†¦.

Personal Goals Essay Example for Free

Personal Goals Essay My goal in life is to become a neonatal nurse practioner; this not only accomplishes my long-term professional goal but a long-term personal goal as well; I want to provide for my family, and set an example for my children. To teach them that if they work hard and never give up they can accomplish anything. My professional short term goal is to be able to stop my two in the morning paper route and become employed by the local children’s hospital; giving back to a wonderful profession that helped me when my two littlest were in the NICU. My personal short term goal is to pass my courses as they come here at University of Phoenix, and gain the necessary knowledge to become the best nurse and mother I can possibly be. The skills I need to accomplish these are good time management, attention to detail, compassion, and persistence. I hope to be able to pass these qualities on to my children, but also use them in my professional life as well. To accomplish these goals there are a lot of milestones to achieve along the way. First I had to receive my ADN-RN degree; this was something I did not know if I could accomplish. With the loving support, understanding and help from my family I graduated and made the Dean’s list, all while pregnant, working a full time job and taking care of 4 other children. Next milestone, after six years, was deciding to back to school to obtain my BSN, this too will be an uphill climb but I will accomplish it. It took me forever to get all the paper work in order, get the financial aid needed, get my transcripts from my other university, but through it all I was helped by the wonderful staff here at University of Phoenix. After all that are my Masters degree and my NNP license my final milestones as my professional goals are concerned but just the beginning of the rest of my career. Along the way my personal milestones will be to get into a house that I do not rent, watch my children go off to college themselves and enjoy the peace and quiet of an empty house. By doing these things, taking one step at a time and enjoying he moments I will be gaining the necessary skills to not only be a great nurse but a great teacher to my children; good study habits, time management, determination, and will to accomplish the goal at hand will be needed in both my profession and as a mom. According to Anonymous 2002, â€Å"nearly 40,000 low-birth-weight babies are born each year in the United States, there will continue to be a market for neonatal nurses. † This saddens me to think of all the babies in the NICU, but also reassures me that I will always have opportunity to be employed and able to take care of m y family. Salaries vary by region but may start â€Å"in the upper $30’s to $40’s† (Anonymous 2002). This financial security will allow me to not only support my family, get a house of my own, but also continue my education with minimal stress. Putting in my due diligence not only academically but personally helps alleviate doing everything last minute. By setting aside a few hours a day for rigorous studies allows me to budget the rest of my time accordingly between my children, me and research to improve my career. I recommend a planner or calendar of some sort to keep you accountable for how your day is spent. Remember the dishes will be there, the laundry will eventually get folded, the paper will get written but time with your family can never be replaced, so make sure to schedule that time as well. It helps sometimes to step back regroup and get a perspective of why you are doing this and relax. According to Harvey and Leslie (2006) â€Å"†¦senior neonatal nurses can do much to develop an evidence and research culture on units and to guide program development. † This milestone is also a great goal of mine, to be able to make a difference in neonatal evidence based practice. To apply my knowledge, do research, better a prognosis and pass it on to the next generation of nurses. This should be a goal of every nurse to improve the medical field while being advocates for our patients. By building good time management skills now while I am still in school will help me prepare to continue doing so in my professional and personal life. In Harvey and Leslie (2006) it also states, â€Å"by developing a substantial community of people embedded in clinical settings and universities who can address these diverse issues surrounding research leadership, neonatal nursing will move to a new era of evidence based practice. In conclusion, I want to make a difference this is my short and long term professional and personal goal. To help my fellow student succeed in their endeavors when possible, but to also see my own children grow, prosper and head out into the world themselves. Cappleman (2004) describes â€Å"the process of initiating, maintaining, and eventually terminating the professional-family relationships. † I want the families to be comfortable talking with health care professionals as people not just doctors and nurses; to ask questions, learn how to care for their infants on their own. Cappleman (2004) witnessed â€Å"teaching mothers how to interpret their infants’ behavior, and helping them to acquire skills in caring for them, are therefore essential nursing activities. † I recommend becoming more than just a nurse to our patients; become a confidant, friend, mentor, shoulder to cry on giving them the necessary tools to eventually take care of themselves, but also making them feel comfortable in asking questions and talking to us when necessary. By breaking down these barriers we not only care for the medical needs but emotional and psychological as well. When we allow ourselves to become in tune with our patients by sharing of ourselves, our fears it shows that we are people too. This allows us to be more caring and sincere in our personal lives to show compassion and understanding for those around us. Although there is no formal training, time management issues, obstacles and milestones I have accomplished with difficulty, and more to come, my goal remains to become a neonatal nurse practioner, be an example to my children and make a difference in the world.